Impaired glucose tolerance
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Impaired glucose tolerance
Classification and external resources
ICD-10 R73.0
ICD-9 271.3, 790.22
MeSH D018149
Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT) is a pre-diabetic state of dysglycemia, that is
associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of cardiovascular
pathology. IGT may precede type 2 diabetes mellitus by many years. IGT is also a
risk factor for mortality.[1]
Contents
[hide]
* 1 Criteria
* 2 Treatment
* 3 References
* 4 Further reading
* 5 See also
Criteria
Diabetes mellitus
Types of Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus type 1
Diabetes mellitus type 2
Gestational diabetes
Pre-diabetes:
Impaired fasting glycaemia
Impaired glucose tolerance
Disease Management
Diabetes management:
•Diabetic diet
•Anti-diabetic drugs
•Conventional insulinotherapy
•Intensive insulinotherapy
Other Concerns
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetic comas:
•Diabetic hypoglycemia
•Diabetic ketoacidosis
•Nonketotic hyperosmolar
Diabetic myonecrosis
Diabetic nephropathy
Diabetic neuropathy
Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetes and pregnancy
Blood tests
Blood sugar
Fructosamine
Glucose tolerance test
Glycosylated hemoglobin
According to the criteria of the World Health Organization and the American
Diabetes Association, impaired glucose tolerance is defined as[2][3]:
* two-hour glucose levels of 140 to 199 mg per dL (7.8 to 11.0 mmol) on the 75-g
oral glucose tolerance test. A patient is said to be under the condition of IGT
when he/she has an intermediately raised glucose level after 2 hours, but less
than would qualify for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The fasting glucose may be
either normal or mildly elevated.
From 10 to 15 percent of adults in the United States have one of these
conditions.[4]
Treatment
Main article: Diabetes mellitus type 2#Screening and prevention
The risk of progression to diabetes and development of cardiovascular disease is
greater than for Impaired fasting glycaemia.[5]
Although some drugs can delay the onset of diabetes, lifestyle modifications
play a greater role in the prevention of diabetes.[4][6] Patients identified as
having an IGT should exercise regularly and limit sugar intake.
Carnitine has been shown to improve glucose uptake, regulation, and oxidation,
though temporarily (i.e., only when levels are sustained in the blood).[citation
needed]
References
1. ^ Barr EL, Zimmet PZ, Welborn TA, et al (2007). "Risk of cardiovascular and
all-cause mortality in individuals with diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting
glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance: the Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and
Lifestyle Study (AusDiab)". Circulation 116 (2): 151–7.
doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.685628. PMID 17576864.
2. ^ .World Health Organization. "Definition, diagnosis and classification of
diabetes mellitus and its complications: Report of a WHO Consultation. Part 1.
Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus". Retrieved on 2007-05-29.
3. ^ "Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus". Diabetes Care 28 Suppl
1: S37–42. 2005. PMID 15618111.
4. ^ a b Shobha S. Rao, Phillip Disraeli, Tamara McGregor (15 April 2004).
"Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Impaired Fasting Glucose". American Family
Physician 69 (8): 1961. http://www.aafp.org/afp/20040415/1961.html.
5. ^ Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine, 7th Ed., Longmore, Wilkinson,
Turmezei and Cheung. Oxford University Press 2007.
6. ^ Raina Elley C, Kenealy T (December 2008). "Lifestyle interventions reduced
the long-term risk of diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance". Evid
Based Med 13 (6): 173. doi:10.1136/ebm.13.6.173. PMID 19043031.
Further reading
* Melanie J Davies, I Peter Gray (3 February 1996). "Impaired glucose
tolerance". British Medical Journal 312: 264–265. PMID 8611769. http://www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/312/7026/264.
- Editorial review
* "Impaired Fasting Glucose and Impaired Glucose Tolerance: Implications for
Care" (in English). Diabetes Care 2007;30(3):753-759. American Diabetes
Association, Inc. (13 March 2007). Retrieved on July 22, 2007.
See also
* Impaired fasting glycaemia
* Glucose tolerance test
[hide]
v • d • e
Abnormal clinical and laboratory findings (R70-R94, 790-796)
Blood test
Red blood cells
Elevated ESR - Anisocytosis - Poikilocytosis - Reticulocytosis - Inclusion
bodies (Howell-Jolly body, Heinz body)
Small molecules
blood sugar: Abnormal glucose tolerance test - Hyperglycemia - Impaired glucose
tolerance - Prediabetes
other small molecules: Azotemia - Hyperuricemia - Hypouricemia
Enzymes/other proteins
Elevated transaminases - Cardiac marker - Elevated alpha-fetoprotein
Minerals
Iron overload disorder
Pathogens/sepsis
Bacteremia - Viremia - Fungemia - Parasitemia
Urine test
Proteinuria
Albuminuria/Microalbuminuria - Myoglobinuria - Hemoglobinuria
Small molecules
Glycosuria - Ketonuria - Bilirubinuria - Hyperuricosuria - Hypouricosuria
Red blood cells
Hematuria
Other
Chyluria - Crystalluria
Other
Abnormal basal metabolic rate - Latent tuberculosis
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impaired_glucose_tolerance"
* This page was last modified on 25 December 2008, at 12:39.
* All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.
(See Copyrights for details.)